遺產稅 Inheritance Tax 是對繼承死者遺下的財產者所徵收的稅項,英國的遺產稅高達40%。因此各位在英國定居後必須好好了解一下英國遺產稅的徵收制度,為自己和家人做好準備。
什麼類型的遺產會被徵稅?
- 積蓄/儲蓄
- 任何類型的物業
- 退休金
- 任何類型的投資收益
- 股票
- 基金
- 公司股份
- 其他物品
- 汽車
- 珠寶
- 古董、藝術品
遺產稅的免稅額
英國的遺產稅是有免稅額,只要不超過 £325,000 則可免稅。即使無須要繳稅,但仍有需要在年終報終表(Self-Assessment)向HMRC報告各項遺產承繼的收入。至於超過 £325,000 的遺產,則須要繳交40%的遺產稅。計算方法是扣除頭£325,000,支付餘額的40%。
後裔的特別免稅額
死者的直系親屬 – 孩子、孫兒(包括:領養、寄養或繼子女)均可享有額外£175,000的免稅額,總免稅額提升至£500,000。因此,他們承繼的遺產總額不超過£500,000, 便可獲免稅。
什麼情況下遺產稅會被豁免?
- 全部遺產由以下人士繼承
- 合法夫妻 或 法定伴侶
- 即使超過£325,000仍無須繳交遺產稅
- 捐給慈善機構
- 捐給慈善機構的部分可免稅 或者
- 有10%的遺產捐給慈善機構,那麼其餘遺產則可獲以36%的遺產稅來計算
- 小額的饋贈
- 結婚禮物
- 總年度的禮物不超過£3000
- 單次小禮物不超過£250
去世前的饋贈
英國政府一點也不笨,對於死者生前的饋贈也計算在內。死者在去世前的7年內的饋贈,也屬於遺產之一。但剛才有提到部分饋贈可被豁免,只要金額不超過限定的標準,則無須理會。
**死者饋贈予自己的合法伴侶,則無須理會該條例
官方對這條款有更多例子可以參考
海外家人的遺產
假設居住在海外的家人不幸逝世,而你將承繼全部或部分在英國以外的國家所遺留的財產,這又需要支付英國遺產稅嗎?答案是:要視乎情況。無錯,因為死者居住地點、財產分佈的國家都很有關係的,以下是一些情況:
- 死者是非通常居住在英國,而其財產身處在外地:無須繳交遺產稅
- 死者是非通常居住在英國,而其財產身處在英國:須要繳交遺產稅
- 死者是通常居住在英國,而其財產身處在外地:須要繳交遺產稅
通常居住在英國,官方有以下的定義:
- 過去20年中,有15年是居住在英國
- 去世前的3年中,在英國有固定的居住地址
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