有很多人疑問,持有英國永久居留權和英國國籍究竟有什麼區別?他們同時能自由進出和居住在英國國境內,那麼還有必要申請入籍嗎?兩者之間的福利、孩子國藉、公民權利有何分別?以下列為你解答:
永久居留權 Indefinite Leave to remain
英國無限期居留權稱為 Indefinite Leave to remain (ILR,簡稱為 Settlement) ,是申請入藉英國前的首要過程和條件之一。它本身屬於簽證的一種,簽證蓋印在原有護照,讓你保留原住國的護照身分,同時也可以通過簽證在英國國境內自由進出、居住、工作和接受教育。
英國國藉 British citizenship
英國國藉 British citizenship (BC,又稱為naturalisation),是賦予申請人英國公民身分和終身權利的政策。入藉後則成為最終法律承認英國公民,將可申請英國護照。
兩者之間的公民權利和分別:
無限期居留權(ILR) 和 英國藉(BC)之間的公民權利均可在UK、Ireland、Guernsey、Jersey 和 the Isle of Man的境內行使,以下根據逐點來對比一下:
出入境
- ILR
- 無法享受英國護照的免簽證待遇
- 入境英國境內時,須經外國旅客的入境櫃檯
- BC
- 可獲超過190國家免簽證
- 10歲以上的英國公民可使用E gate通道過關
居住
- ILR
- 無限制地在境內居住
- 不得離境超過2年,超過2年可被撒銷簽證
- 被撒銷後,可申請 Returning Resident Visa
- BC
- 無限制地在境內居住
工作
- ILR
- 可任意在境內工作
- BC
- 可任意在境內工作
教育
- ILR
- 可享受境內的免費教育
- BC
- 可享受境內的免費教育
醫療
- ILR
- 可享用NHS免費提供的醫療服務
- BC
- 可享用NHS免費提供的醫療服務
社會福利
- ILR
- 可申請境內的社會福利
- BC
- 可申請境內的社會福利
投票權
- ILR
- 只能在某些選舉中投票,並且受到很多限制。
- 可從英國議會網頁查看完整列表
- BC
- 擁有完全的投票權和支持競選的能力
孩子國藉
- ILR
- 孩子在英國出生後,可直接獲英國國籍
- 18歲以下的孩子在境外出生,可申請英國公民身分
- BC
- 在孩子出生前,父或母已入藉英國的條件下,不論在境內或外出生,將自動獲得英國公民身分
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